Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) Overview: Classification, Applications, and Recommendations

Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) is a highly effective inorganic polymer flocculant widely used in drinking water purification, industrial wastewater treatment, paper-making, mining, and other industries. Compared with traditional aluminum sulfate, PAC requires a smaller dosage, reacts faster, and offers better adaptability across different pH levels.

Classification of PAC

By Color

    √ Yellow PAC: Commonly used for municipal and general industrial wastewater treatment, cost-effective.

    √ White PAC: Higher purity, recommended for drinking water treatment, food industry, and pharmaceutical applications.

    √ Brown PAC: Effective for treating high-turbidity water, often applied in mining, paper-making, and coal wastewater treatment.

By Production Process

    √ Powdered PAC: Easily soluble in water and dissolves quickly, making it suitable for large-scale water treatment projects. However, it produces a lot of dust, which can be harmful to the respiratory tract, and requires careful storage in humid weather.

    √ Granular PAC: Lower production costs and relatively poor solubility make it suitable for low-cost projects. However, it is easy to store and dust-free.

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By Concentration

    √ 18-26% PAC: Suitable for general industrial wastewater treatment.

    √  26-30% PAC: Recommended for drinking water purification and highly polluted wastewater.

    √ 31% PAC: Applied in specialized industries such as mining and paper-making for higher treatment efficiency.

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By Application Field

    √  Drinking Water Treatment: White PAC or high-concentration PAC is recommended to ensure water quality.

    √ Industrial Wastewater Treatment: Yellow or brown PAC works well for high-turbidity wastewater.

    √ Paper Industry: Brown PAC improves pulp quality by helping impurities settle.

    √ Mining and Coal Industries: High-performance PAC effectively treats large volumes of mine sludge and coal wastewater.

Recommendations for PAC Selection

Choosing the right PAC type is essential for optimal treatment results:

    √ Drinking water purification: White PAC or high-concentration PAC.

    √ High-turbidity wastewater: Yellow or brown PAC.

    √ Large-scale rapid-dissolution projects: Spray-dried PAC for better solubility and performance.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are the advantages of PAC over traditional aluminum sulfate?
A1: PAC requires a smaller dosage, offers faster flocculation, better sedimentation, and works in a wider pH range.

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Q2: Which type of PAC is best for drinking water treatment?
A2: White PAC or high-concentration PAC (26-30%) is recommended for high purity and efficiency.

Q3: Can low-concentration PAC be used for industrial wastewater?
A3: Yes, 18-26% PAC is suitable for general wastewater, but for heavily polluted wastewater, higher concentration PAC is preferred.

Q4: What should be considered when storing and transporting PAC?
A4: PAC should be stored in a cool, dry place to avoid moisture. Liquid PAC must be protected from freezing, while solid PAC should not be exposed to air for long periods.

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Q5: How to choose PAC for different industries?
A5: Drinking water → White PAC, high concentration; Paper-making → Brown PAC; Mining → High-concentration or spray-dried PAC; General wastewater → Yellow PAC.

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Common problems and solutions of polyaluminium chloride

Why does the water become turbid after adding PAC?

How to use PAC and PAM together